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Kwadalwa ngo 01.22
Izinselelo Zokusebenza zezinhlelo zamabhuleki e-Carbon-Ceramic ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla
Lesi sihloko sixoxa ngezinselelo ze-amabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic ezimotweni zikagesi. Izimoto zikagesi ezivela kwa-Tesla, kwa-Ford, kwa-General Motors, kwa-Rivian, nase-Lucid zithola ukuthandwa e-U.S. Zinezidingo ezihlukile zokubopha ngenxa yamandla azo kagesi nokubopha okubuyisela amandla (regenerative braking).
Amabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic athuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezimoto zikagesi kodwa ayayibambezela ukuhlanganiswa ngoba ahlala isikhathi eside, ayamelana nokushintsha kombala (fading), futhi alula kunezindishi zensimbi ezibunjiwe.
Ngaphezu kokusebenza ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-U.S. kanye nemiphumela yomklamo, sizoxoxa ngobuchwepheshe, ukuphathwa kokushisa, ukuqina, kanye nezindleko. Sizophinde sibheke ukuthi lezi zici zisebenzisana kanjani nezinhlelo zikagesi nokubopha okubuyisela amandla.
Abafundi bethu bahlanganisa onjiniyela, abaphathi bemikhiqizo, abaqhubi bezimoto ezinkampanini, kanye nochwepheshe bezinsizakalo, sicacisa ukuthi izinqumo zobuchwepheshe zithinta kanjani izinhlelo zokushaja, ukutholakala kwezimoto, kanye nezindleko zokuba nemoto kagesi.
Isifinyezo Sobuchwepheshe Bezimoto Zokubopha Ze-Carbon-Ceramic Ezimotweni Zikagesi Zanamuhla
Amabhuleki e-Carbon-ceramic asebenzisa i-carbon fiber ne-ceramic ukudala ama-rotor aphatha ukushisa nokuguga. Anokunwebeka okuncane kwe-thermal, aqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile futhi anciphise ukubopha okubunayo.
Ukuchazwa nokusebenza kwamabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic
Ama-preform e-carbon fiber ayapholiswa futhi aboshwe nge-resin. Ibanga le-EV liyakhuliswa futhi amabhuleki agcinwa elula ngokungeza i-silicon noma i-ceramic ukuze kube nendawo eqinile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pad kanye nendawo kuthinta ukungqubuzana. Ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu, i-ceramic inikeza ukungqubuzana okuphezulu; ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi, ukusebenza kuthinteka. Ukungaguquguquki kuqinisekiswa ama-caliper aphezulu.
Ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezisebenza kakhulu esikhathini esidlule
Amabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic, aqala ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zezemidlalo iPorsche neFerrari, manje atholakala kumamodeli kagesi aphezulu afana nePorsche Taycan, afuna ukubopha okuqinile nezingxenye ezilula.
Lezi zikhala zinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuphuculwa kwezimoto ze-EV eziphezulu, eziphumelela ekushayeleni kwansuku zonke nasezikhathini zokuphosa.
Izinto ezibalulekile nezinqubo zokukhiqiza
Izinto eziyinhloko zifaka i-carbon fiber, ama-binders e-polymer, kanye ne-silicon carbide. Inqubo ihilela ukwakha, i-pyrolysis, kanye nokusebenza kahle.
Izifakazelo zivimbela i-oxidation futhi zandise impilo yezikhala. Ukukhiqiza kunzima, kunezithunywa ezimbalwa nezindleko eziphezulu. Ukuvuselela nokugcina kuyizinselelo kubakhiqizi be-EV.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, bheka lesi sihloko somkhakha mayelana nezikhala ezithuthukisiwe ze-composite:ubuchwepheshe bezimoto zokubopha nge-carbon-ceramic.
Izinselelo Zokuphatha I-Thermal Ezimotweni Zikagesi
Izimoto zikagesi zishintsha ukusetshenziswa kwamabhuleki. Ukubopha kabusha kugcina amandla, kunciphisa ukuguga kodwa kukhiqize ukushisa okwengeziwe.
Amabhuleki okungqubuzana abalulekile ukuze kume ngokuphuthumayo nokwehla okumile. Izimoto zikagesi zidinga isu lokushisa ngalezi zindawo ezingavamile ngaphandle kwesisindo esingeziwe.
Umehluko wokukhiqiza ukushisa phakathi kokubopha kabusha kwezimoto zikagesi nokubopha okungqubuzana
Ukubopha kabusha kugcina amandla emadolobheni, kuhlanganiswe namabhuleki okungqubuzana.
Ubushushu obukhulu bamabhuleki buvela lapho kuvinjwa kanzima, kudala ukucindezeleka. Abaklami kufanele bacabangele lezi zikhathi zokushisa eziphakeme.
Umthelela wokushisa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo ezintweni ze-carbon-ceramic
Ama-rotor e-Carbon-ceramic ayamelana nokushisa, egcina ukungqubuzana emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, alungele izimoto ze-EV.
Nokho, i-carbon ingase i-oxidize emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi i-silicon carbide matrix ingase ibe nokushaqeka okushisayo.
Izinto ezicindezela ngempela njengezintaba zikhulisa izinguquko ezingaphezulu futhi zishintsha ukungqubuzana.
Izindlela zokupholisa nokuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuphatha ukushisa zezimoto zikagesi
Izindlela zokupholisa eziphumile ezifana namarotors avulekile zinezindleko eziphansi futhi zilawula izinga lokushisa.
Abakhiqizi balungiselela ukuqalwa e-U.S. bahlanganisa idatha yokuhlola. Izinhlelo zendawo, ezifana nokubhaliswa kweCalifornia, zingathonya ukukhetha kwemathiriyeli.
Izinhlelo ezisebenzayo zengeza ubunzima nezindleko, ezithonywa imikhawulo yokupakisha. Izixazululo eziphumelelayo ziyadingeka ngesikhathi sokushaja.
Ama-OEM afana noGarrett athuthukisa izinto zokupholisa ezincane, ezingenawo uwoyela ukuze kukhishwe ukushisa kangcono; funda kabanzi ngezixazululo ezihlanganisiwe zokushisa.lapha.
Izindleko kanye Nezici Zomnotho zabakhiqizi be-EV
Abakhiqizi bezimoto zikagesi babhekana nezindleko eziphakeme zamarotor e-carbon-ceramic uma kuqhathaniswa ne-iron noma insimbi. Izindleko nge-axle ziphakeme ngenxa yezinto ezikhethekile namandla.
Ukukhiqiza kwengeza izindleko. Ama-caliper aphezulu namaphedi angokwezifiso kwandisa isikhathi sokuhlanganisa. Ukukhiqizwa okulinganiselwe kugcina amanani ephezulu ezimotweni eziningi zikagesi.
Ezikhathini zezimoto eziningi, izindleko zesikhathi eside ziyingqayizivele. Ama-rotor e-carbon-ceramic ahlala isikhathi eside futhi adinga ukushintshwa kancane, okuhambisana nezindleko zokuqala.
Izimoto zikagesi zishintsha ukuguga kwama-rotor. Ukubuyiselwa kwamandla kunciphisa ukungqubuzana, kodwa ukugqwala kunganciphisa impilo, kwenze izindleko zesikhathi eside zingaqiniseki.
Ukugcina ama-rotor kubalulekile. Izindleko eziphakeme zezingxenye nokulungiswa kwandisa izindleko zesevisi. Ukugaywa kabusha kwengeza ezindlekweni ezijwayelekile.
Abathengi bezimoto eziningi kufanele balinganise izindleko zokuqala ngokonga isikhathi eside. Izimoto zikagesi ezinama-rotor e-carbon-ceramic zingonga amandla futhi zithuthukise ibanga, zidinga isinqumo mayelana nezindleko ngokumelene nezinzuzo.
Abakhiqizi abakhulu njengoTesla ne-GM basebenzisa ama-rotor e-carbon-ceramic ikakhulukazi kumamodeli aphezulu, bekhuthaza ukusebenza kahle nokonga.
Umncintiswano uthinta ukusetshenziswa kwama-rotor. Ngokwanda kweziteshi zokushaja kanye nesidingo sezimoto ezisheshayo, abakhiqizi balinganisa izindleko, besebenzisa ama-rotor e-carbon-ceramic ngokukhetha.
Ukuhambisana Nezinhlelo Zokubopha Nge-Regenerative
Ama-rotor e-carbon-ceramic athintwa ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi zokubopha nge-regenerative, okonga amandla futhi kunciphisa ukuguga kwamabhuleki. Ngenkathi izitobhi eziphuthumayo zidinga amandla aphelele okubopha, izitobhi zasemadolobheni ziyimfene.
Izitobhi ezingazelelwe zingasebenza kabi, futhi amabhuleki angasebenzi angadala ukuguga okungalingani ezintweni ze-carbon-ceramic.
Izitobhi zomgwaqo omkhulu zidinga amabhuleki okungqubuzana ukuze kuphephe, kodwa ukushayela edolobheni kwandisa impilo yamabhuleki.
Izinhlelo ze-Brake-by-wire zidinga ukulungiswa ngokucophelela ukuze kuzwakale futhi kuvikelwe umonakalo ngoba zihlanganisa ukungqubuzana nokubopha nge-regenerative.
Ukuze kugcinwe ukuphepha nokulinganisa izinhlobo zokubopha, ukulinganisa kubalulekile.
Isofthiwe nezinzwa ziguqula ukubopha ukuze kube nempumelelo nokuphepha.
Izinzwa zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezithuthukisiwe ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile nokusabalalisa amandla okubopha ngokulinganayo.
Lezi zinhlelo kunzima ukuziklanywa ngoba ukusebenza kahle, ukuphepha, nesimo sezulu konke kufanele kubalanswe.
Ukwonga amandla nokwethembeka yizindaba abakhiqizi abafana neTesla, Ford, neGM okufanele babhekane nazo.
Ukuqina, Amaphethini Okuguga, Nokugcinwa Ezimweni Zokusebenzisa Izimoto Zikagesi
Ngoba zikh light, izimoto zikagesi zisebenzisa izikhala ezincane, okunciphisa ukugqokwa kwezirotors nezikhwama. Nokho, ukuze zime kahle, izikhwama kumele zishise.
Ngenkathi abashayeli bezinhlokodolobha bengase babone ukugqokwa okungalingani, izimoto ze-EV ezisemqoka zikhulula ukushisa okujwayelekile ukuze zigcine izirotors.
Imichiza yomgwaqo ibangela ukuthi izikhala ze-carbon-ceramic ziphendule, futhi izingxenye zingaguga ngenxa ye-salt yasezNorthern.
Ukungcola kungadala ukuguga okungalingani kanye nesikhathi sokuphila esifushane ngokuhlupha umsebenzi.
Ukugcinwa kwamabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic kufaka phakathi ukuthwebula kwe-thermal nokuhlolwa ukuze kutholwe izinkinga kusenesikhathi futhi kuqhathaniswe ukusetshenziswa kwemoto nokugcinwa.
Ngoba ukushintshwa kungabiza kakhulu, abanikazi kufanele babheke ama-rotor acwebile noma izinkinga zokuluma okubandayo.
Abaphathi bezimoto bangalinganisa izindleko nesikhathi sokuphumula ngokwenza kahle ukugcinwa ngokuhlaziya idatha.
Kuzo zonke izimoto zikagesi, ukusebenzisa indawo engozimele ye-OEM kuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okufanele nokusebenza okuphezulu kwamabhuleki.
Izimoto zikagesi
Izinketho zokuklama izimoto zikagesi zithinta izinhlelo zamabhuleki. Ububanzi, ukuphepha, umsindo ophansi, nokubuyiselwa kwamandla kagesi kuqondisa ukuklama izimoto zikagesi. Abakhiqizi balinganisa isisindo, izindleko, nokusebenza.
Indlela izinto ezibalulekile zezimoto zikagesi ezithinta ngayo ukukhethwa kwamabhuleki
Amaqembu ahlose ukonga amandla ngezinto ezilula. Ezinye zisebenzisa ama-rotor ensimbi cast ngenxa yezindleko, kanti izimoto ze-EV eziphezulu zingase zikhethe izinto ze-carbon-ceramic ukuze kulawulwe ukushisa.
Umthelela wokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo nokubekwa kwebhethri
Amabhokisi amakhulu ebhethri engeza isisindo futhi anciphise isikhungo samandla, ashintsha ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okubopha.
Ukubekwa kwebhethri kukhawulela isikhala samasondo, kwenze kube nzima ukupholisa i-rotor nokufakwa kwe-carbon-ceramic.
Izimoto ezinzima zidinga amandla amaningi ukuze zime, zandisa ukushisa kumarotors nakumaphedi, kuthinta ukusebenza kwemathiriyeli.
Izindinganiso, imithetho, kanye nezitifiketi emakethe yase-U.S.
Izindinganiso zikamasipala zikhomba imithetho yokuma nokwehluleka. I-EPA kanye nezilinganiso zeMnyango Wezamandla zithonya izimangalo zokusebenza.
Izivivinyo zokuqinisekisa zihlola izinhlelo zokumisa ukuze ziqinisekise ukuhamba, ukuncipha, nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Izinhlelo zokumisa nge-wired kumele zidlule ezivivinyweni ze-electromagnetic nezokuphepha.
Manufacturers preparing for U.S. launches gather test data. State programs, like California's labeling, can influence material choices.
Ukusungulwa Okuzayo kanye Nezingqinamba Zokwamukelwa Kwamabhuleki E-Carbon-Ceramic Ezimotweni Ezintsha Zamandla
Ucwaningo luyathuthuka kusayensi yezinto, luhlola izinto ezishibhile ze-carbon kanye nezindlela ezingcono ze-silicon, kanye nezingxube ezihlanganisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana ne-oxidation nokungqubuzana kwezinga eliphansi.
Lezi zintuthuko zingenza amabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic afikeleleke kakhudlwana, zikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa okubanzi ezimotweni zikagesi ngaphezu kwamamodeli ezemidlalo kanye nokunethezeka.
Ukukhiqiza nokuhlanganisa kuyathuthuka, ngokuzenzakalelayo kunciphisa ukuchitha nezindleko. Ukuphathwa okuhlakaniphile kwe-thermal kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwamabhuleki kuma-EV.
Nokho, izinselelo zisaqhubeka, ikakhulukazi izindleko. Ukukhiqiza amabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic kubiza kakhulu, kwengezwe ukukhiqizwa okulinganiselwe kanye nesidingo samathuluzi akhethekile.
Izivivinyo zemithetho ezindaweni zase-U.S. ziyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqina. Ukuqala ngama-EV aphezulu namaloli amakhulu kuhlakaniphile, njengoba azuza kakhulu ekuqineni kwawo.
Ukubambisana nabakhiqizi namanyuvesi kungasiza inqubekela phambili. Ukuhlanganisa izivivinyo nokunikeza izikhuthazo kungashukumisa ukwamukelwa. Imizamo eqhubekayo esayensini yezinto ezibonakalayo ingenza amabhuleki e-carbon-ceramic ajwayelekile kuma-EV amaningi e-U.S.
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